No. All that does is increase the fees the merchant has to pay for the transaction and delays the speed with which it posts to your account by up to a couple of days instead of being instantaneous.
Whether you are protected for fraudulent charges is dependent on how the crook uses the card, not how you used it. If they use it as a debit card (they would need the PIN) then you are liable for up to $50 if you catch it within 2 days, but up to $500 if you catch it between 3 and 60 days. With a credit card, on the other hand, you are never responsible for more than $50 of fraudulent charges.
https://www.consumer.ftc.gov/article...nd-debit-cards