PDA

View Full Version : How duties actually work for importers



Tradd
4-5-25, 9:54am
This post has nothing to do with poitics, policies, or arguments for/against the new tariffs. This is how they actually work for importers and what the numbers look like. US importers pay the duty. So if Walmart imports a certain item, Walmart pays the duties, and the cost is passed along to the consumer.

It’s education time on the tariff numbers you hear in the news. You hear numbers like 54% duties for China thrown around. Standard duties are often not mentioned. This is a women’s cotton coat under 6102.20.0010. Standard duty is 15.9%. That little blue superscript 1 next to the duty percentage takes you to the end notes and indicates the HS code for the 2018 China duty percentage, which is 7.5% on top of the standard duty (most items get 25% in the 2018 duties, but clothing is mostly all 7.5%). Now there is 20% additional China duty that was recently assessed, plus the 34% reciprocal duty that goes into effect Wednesday. Total: 77.4% duties from China.

For goods from other countries, it’s standard duty + whatever the reciprocal duty is.

Even if the reciprocal tariffs and the additional China ones go away, this item would still have 15.9% duty.

CBP comes down HARD on importers who try to pay lower duties. Import duties are the second highest source of revenue for the Feds after the income tax. That’s why proper classification, determine which HS code applies, is so important. The feds want their money! I had a customer who wanted me to use a totally different HS code in 2018 when the first round of China duties went into effect. They had been using the same HS code for more than a decade. They didn’t believe CBP’s system wouldn’t catch the different. They went to another broker who was willing to commit the fraud for them. I refused to and told them so. I wasn’t risking my brokers license for them. They ended up with a $1 million fine and were placed on the national sanctions list, which means they unable to import again.

6292

catherine
4-5-25, 10:00am
It's great to have a resident trade expert!! Very interesting. It seems very complex to me, given that every item from every country has its own set of rules. Thanks for the concrete example.

Tradd
4-5-25, 11:21am
It's great to have a resident trade expert!! Very interesting. It seems very complex to me, given that every item from every country has its own set of rules. Thanks for the concrete example.

Things only got more complicated recently.

early morning
4-5-25, 1:08pm
Thanks for the breakdown, Tradd - really interesting!

Tybee
4-5-25, 5:44pm
Until you laid this out for us, I had no idea that Americans were paying these tariffs on the imported goods. It honestly makes no sense, to put these huge tariffs on things that your citizens then pay.

Tradd
4-5-25, 7:08pm
Until you laid this out for us, I had no idea that Americans were paying these tariffs on the imported goods. It honestly makes no sense, to put these huge tariffs on things that your citizens then pay.

I don’t know why everyone think the overseas suppliers pay for the duties. The importers always do. And that’s the companies who import these goods, not the end customers, although the tariff cost probably gets passed along, at least in part.

rosarugosa
4-6-25, 7:00am
I don’t know why everyone think the overseas suppliers pay for the duties. The importers always do. And that’s the companies who import these goods, not the end customers, although the tariff cost probably gets passed along, at least in part.

Well to be fair, I don't think everyone thinks the overseas suppliers pay for the duties, only Donald and the MAGA crowd perhaps.

Tradd
4-6-25, 9:05am
Well to be fair, I don't think everyone thinks the overseas suppliers pay for the duties, only Donald and the MAGA crowd perhaps.

I posted the stuff in the OP on FB. People well known to be Democrats also thought the overseas suppliers paid duties on imports to the US.

rosarugosa
4-6-25, 10:40am
I posted the stuff in the OP on FB. People well known to be Democrats also thought the overseas suppliers paid duties on imports to the US.

Wow, that's crazy! I just always understood without a doubt that whoever actually pays them initially upstream, as the final consumer, I'm the one who ultimately pays via increased prices.

Tradd
4-12-25, 9:21am
Excellent NYT article on how all the different China duties work.

https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2025/04/12/business/economy/china-tariff-product-costs.html?smid=nytcore-ios-share&referringSource=articleShare

rosarugosa
4-21-25, 6:52am
Tradd: I was just curious about how duties are calculated. Are they based on the final retail value of an item, or the wholesale value?

Tradd
4-21-25, 7:33am
Tradd: I was just curious about how duties are calculated. Are they based on the final retail value of an item, or the wholesale value?

Value shown on invoice from supplier to US importer. Duties are a percentage of invoice value.

iris lilies
4-21-25, 8:15am
I just got, a few days ago, a painting from Europe. It came shipped by DHL and I couldn’t believe how fast it got here, I think within 10 days or less.

anyway, I just heard that DHL was stopping its shipping of products over $800 due to duties. I guess I got my shipment just in time.

The ripple effect of this is huge as is it on all of these import issues.

This makes me think people with Tradd’s customs broker’s license are extremely valuable to employers.

Tradd
4-21-25, 8:48am
I just got, a few days ago, a painting from Europe. It came shipped by DHL and I couldn’t believe how fast it got here, I think within 10 days or less.

anyway, I just heard that DHL was stopping its shipping of products over $800 due to duties. I guess I got my shipment just in time.

The ripple effect of this is huge as is it on all of these import issues.

This makes me think people with Tradd’s customs broker’s license are extremely valuable to employers.

DHL’s stoppage is shipments over $800 to individuals. Businesses will still get their shipments.

Tradd
4-21-25, 10:38am
IL, don’t buy anything from overseas going forward until we see how things shake out. I’m serious.

iris lilies
4-21-25, 11:11am
IL, don’t buy anything from overseas going forward until we see how things shake out. I’m serious.
Yes. Well. I just ordered $100 worth of doll clothes from China, but we shall see how that works.

Tradd
4-21-25, 11:21am
Yes. Well. I just ordered $100 worth of doll clothes from China, but we shall see how that works.

The $800 exemption goes away May 2. You will have to pay something like $100 more. I don’t have the full details in front of me.

Tradd
4-23-25, 1:11pm
I just got, a few days ago, a painting from Europe. It came shipped by DHL and I couldn’t believe how fast it got here, I think within 10 days or less.

anyway, I just heard that DHL was stopping its shipping of products over $800 due to duties. I guess I got my shipment just in time.

The ripple effect of this is huge as is it on all of these import issues.

This makes me think people with Tradd’s customs broker’s license are extremely valuable to employers.

Yes, definitely on value of license.

WSJ had this article today on the licensing exam.

https://www.wsj.com/economy/trade/tariffs-trump-trade-world-economy-markets-824b9c25