UL: it is not true that there is not much hope-that is totally wrong!!! But I am done discussing this with you because not only do I read the studies but I have seen professionally first hand the change that people make on a permanent basis. However, I will never change your mind and that is fine. I just hope that no one that needs help listens to you because it will be an excuse for people to continue with their addictions. I don't think you are a bad person but I do think your upbringing has turned you into a negative, pessimistic person. So we will have to agree to disagree)