From Wikipedia, "Jared Diamond proposes five interconnected causes of collapse that may reinforce each other: non-sustainable exploitation of resources, climate changes, diminishing support from friendly societies, hostile neighbors, and inappropriate attitudes for change." I've always thought Diamond's theory on collapse made a lot of sense. If true, the USA is hitting on four of five and possibly only saved from the fifth thanks to the favorable geography that gives us only two actual neighbors.
As far as tribes that survived for hundreds or even thousands of years, I think they came to appreciate the value of everything on that list. Climate change is perhaps the biggest stretch there since humankind has only recently developed the ability to either cause or exacerbate large scale climate shifts. Indigenous people from around the world knew the value of preserving resources and establishing mutually beneficial relationships (even if that meant nothing more than not killing each other off). They would never have anguished over catherine's 'last salmon' because they would have never knowingly been in that position. We know better, but still insist on charging forward and maintaining the status quo. We are far too egocentric to see that we are part of a larger whole and instead act as though everything on Earth exists just for us. At some point we will be reminded it doesn't work that way.